Low temperature studies, Magnetic studies, XRD, Electron Microscope,DSC, Photo spectrophottometer, High temperature furnaces, Liquid Nitrogen, High field Magnets, radiation studies, Mossuber effect
Thermal conductivity studies, thermal expansion,Crystallography.
'There is no inductive method which could lead to the fundamental concepts of physics. Failure to understand this fact constituted the basic philosophical error of so many investigators of the nineteenth century.'